2020-2022 Kia Soul 2.0L Engine Control Module: Programming, Recalls, and Replacement
This guide covers the critical details for replacing the Engine Control Module (ECM) in your 2020-2022 Kia Soul, including mandatory programming and known issues.
- Programming is mandatory. A replacement ECM must be programmed to your vehicle's VIN and immobilizer system by a dealer, locksmith, or specialist.
- Verify the part number (39173-2ELC0) and ensure the donor vehicle had a keyed ignition, not push-button start.
- Check for open recalls (SC209/SC336) and service bulletins (SA463). A simple software update might fix your issue or be required for a replacement ECM.
- A used OEM module that is properly programmed is a reliable and cost-effective repair option.
Compatibility and Part Numbers
This guide covers the Engine Control Module (ECM) for the 2020-2022 Kia Soul equipped with the 2.0L Nu MPI engine and an automatic (iVT) transmission.
Warning: Compatibility is very specific. This particular ECM is for vehicles that use a traditional keyed ignition. Vehicles with a push-button start system use a different module. Always verify your original part number before purchasing a replacement.
Known OEM part numbers for this specific application include:
- 39173-2ELC0
- 391722ELC0
- 391732ELC0
The most commonly referenced part number is 39173-2ELC0. You can find this number on a sticker on your original ECM.
Known Issues, Service Bulletins, and Recalls
While there are no recalls specifically for the ECM unit itself, there are important service campaigns and recalls for the 2020-2022 Kia Soul's engine and software that are directly related to the ECM's function.
Service Action SA463: ECM Logic for DTC P0605
Kia issued a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) for some 2020-2021 Soul vehicles that could incorrectly set a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0605, which indicates an internal memory error in the ECM. This could happen during engine starting. Dealers can resolve this by performing a software update to the ECM to improve its logic. If you are experiencing a P0605 code, especially related to the auto start/stop feature, this software update may be the fix rather than a full ECM replacement.
Recall SC209 / SC336: Engine Damage and Piston Ring Noise Sensing System (PNSS)
A major recall was issued for 2020-2023 Kia Souls with the 2.0L engine due to improperly heat-treated piston oil rings. This defect can cause engine damage, increased oil consumption, stalling, and in rare cases, a risk of fire if oil leaks onto hot exhaust parts.
The remedy involves two parts: first, a dealer inspection and, if necessary, engine replacement. Second, and critically for the ECM, dealers install a "Piston Ring Noise Sensing System" (PNSS) software update. This update programs the ECM to detect early signs of engine damage by listening for specific vibration patterns and will illuminate a warning light to alert the driver before catastrophic failure occurs. 🎬 Watch: A detailed explanation of the PNSS software update. Any replacement ECM, new or used, must have this latest software installed by a dealer or qualified shop.
Symptoms of a Failing ECM
A failing ECM can cause a wide range of confusing and intermittent issues. Because it controls so many systems, symptoms can often mimic other problems.
- Check Engine Light: The most obvious sign. Codes related to internal module failure, like P0605 (Internal Control Module Read Only Memory Error), are a direct pointer to the ECM. The ECM can also throw false codes for good sensors.
- Engine Performance Issues: This includes rough idling, engine stuttering or misfiring, stalling for no reason, and a sudden loss of power or acceleration.
- Car Won't Start: The vehicle may crank but fail to start because the ECM isn't properly managing spark and fuel delivery. In some cases, it can also cause a no-crank condition.
- Poor Fuel Economy: If the ECM can't properly calculate the air-fuel mixture, you may notice a sudden and significant drop in gas mileage.
- Shifting Problems: The ECM communicates with the transmission control module. Faulty data from the ECM can lead to harsh or delayed shifting.
Buying a Used Engine Control Module (ECM)
Purchasing a used OEM ECM is a cost-effective way to get your Soul back on the road, but it requires careful attention to detail. A used, correctly programmed original part is often more reliable than a new, unproven aftermarket unit.
Pro Tip: Many sellers offer pre-programming or cloning services. If you send them your original ECM, they can copy all the critical data (VIN, immobilizer, etc.) to the replacement unit, making the installation truly "plug and play." 🎬 See how professional ECU cloning works for used modules. This can save you a trip to the dealer.
Verification Checklist:
- Match the Part Number Exactly: The part number on the used ECM must be an exact match to your original module. For this vehicle, you are likely looking for 39173-2ELC0.
- Confirm Ignition Type: Double-check that the donor vehicle had a keyed ignition, not a push-button start. The modules are different.
- Physical Inspection: When the part arrives, inspect it for any signs of damage. Check for corrosion on the pins, cracks in the casing, or evidence that the module has been opened, which could indicate a failed repair attempt.
- Programming is NOT Optional: A used ECM will not work by simply plugging it in. It must be programmed to your vehicle's Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) and security system.
Programming and Immobilizer Requirements
This is the most critical step of the replacement process. The ECM is linked to the vehicle's anti-theft immobilizer system. A new or used ECM must be programmed to recognize your specific keys and vehicle configuration.
- Can I do it myself? No. Self-programming is not possible for the ECM or keys on this vehicle.
- Who can program it?
- Kia Dealership: A Kia dealer has the factory tools (KDS or GDS) and software to perform the programming.
- Automotive Locksmith: Many professional automotive locksmiths have advanced tools that can program Kia ECMs and keys. This can be a more convenient and sometimes cheaper option than the dealer.
- Specialized Independent Shops: Some independent repair shops invest in the necessary high-level diagnostic tools to perform module programming.
- Mail-in Programming Services: Several companies offer services where you mail in your original and replacement ECMs, and they will clone the data for you, making the unit plug-and-play upon return.
Warning: Failure to follow proper programming procedures can render the ECM inoperative. Do not attempt to start the vehicle with an unprogrammed module installed.
Cost Breakdown
The cost to replace the ECM can vary significantly based on the part source and labor rates. Programming is an additional cost to the physical installation.
| Item | Estimated Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| New OEM ECM | $650 - $1,000 | Price for the part only, from a Kia dealership. |
| Remanufactured / Programmed ECM | $250 - $700 | From specialty retailers, often includes programming to your VIN. |
| Used OEM ECM | $50 - $200 | From salvage yards or online marketplaces. Requires separate programming. |
| Shop Labor (Physical Swap) | $100 - $150 | The ECM is typically easy to access, requiring about 0.5-1.0 hour of labor. |
| Programming Labor | $100 - $250 | This is a separate charge from a dealer, locksmith, or shop for the programming service. |
| Total Estimated Cost (Used Part) | $250 - $600 | Includes used part, physical installation, and professional programming. |
| Total Estimated Cost (New Part) | $850 - $1,400 | Includes new OEM part, installation, and dealer programming. |
Frequently Asked Questions
Where is the ECM located on a 2020-2022 Kia Soul?
The ECM is typically located in the engine bay, on the driver's side, near the battery and fuse box. 🎬 Watch: This walkthrough shows how to access and replace the unit. It is a metal box with several large electrical connectors.
Do I really need to program a used ECM?
Yes, absolutely. The ECM is tied to the immobilizer system. Without programming, the car will not recognize your keys and will not start. This is a security feature and cannot be bypassed.
My mechanic says I have a P0605 code. Do I need a new ECM?
Not necessarily. Kia issued a service bulletin (SA463) for a software glitch that can cause a false P0605 code on 2020-2021 Souls. The first step should be to have a Kia dealer check if this software update has been performed. This could save you from buying a part you don't need.
Can I drive my car with a bad ECM?
It is not recommended. Symptoms like stalling, unpredictable engine behavior, and no-start conditions make the vehicle unreliable and unsafe to drive. If the ECM fails completely while driving, it can cause a loss of motive power, increasing the risk of a crash.
Helpful Videos
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: 39173-2ELC0 391722ELC0 391732ELC0
For 2020-2022 Kia Soul with 2.0L Nu MPI engine, automatic (iVT) transmission, and standard keyed ignition.
We Have This Part in Stock
The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.
- Kia Soul:
- 🎬 Helpful Videos
- 🛍️ Shop This Part
- Compatibility and Part Numbers
- Known Issues, Service Bulletins, and Recalls
- Service Action SA463: ECM Logic for DTC P0605
- Recall SC209 / SC336: Engine Damage and Piston Ring Noise Sensing System (PNSS)
- Symptoms of a Failing ECM
- Buying a Used Engine Control Module (ECM)
- Verification Checklist:
- Programming and Immobilizer Requirements
- Cost Breakdown
- Frequently Asked Questions
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