A Deep Dive into the 1977-1981 Chevrolet Impala Power Steering Pump
Steering feeling stiff or hearing a whine? Here's what you need to know about replacing your classic Impala's power steering pump.
- Symptoms like whining noises and stiff steering are clear indicators of a problem.
- Always flush the power steering system and consider replacing old hoses when installing a new pump to prevent contamination.
- Aftermarket brands like Cardone and BBB Industries are the most common options; choose one with a good warranty.
- Properly bleeding the air from the system after installation is critical to prevent noise and ensure proper operation.
Is Your Impala's Power Steering Pump Failing?
For a car from this era, the power steering system is relatively simple but crucial for an enjoyable drive. When the pump starts to wear out, it will give you clear warning signs. Ignoring them can lead to a much harder-to-steer vehicle and potentially damage other parts of the steering system.
Common Failure Symptoms:
- Whining or Groaning Noises: A classic sign of a failing pump, especially noticeable when you turn the steering wheel. This sound is often caused by low fluid or air bubbles in the system.
- Stiff or Heavy Steering: If turning the wheel suddenly requires a lot of muscle, the pump is likely not providing enough hydraulic pressure.
- Fluid Leaks: Puddles of reddish or brown fluid under the front of your car are a tell-tale sign of a leak from the pump, its seals, or the connected hoses.
- Squealing Sounds at Startup: This can indicate a loose or worn belt, but it can also be a symptom of a pump that is beginning to seize.
Check Hoses and Fluid First
Before condemning the pump, always check your power steering fluid level and condition. Low fluid is the most common cause of a noisy pump. Also, inspect the high-pressure and return hoses for leaks, cracks, or brittleness. Sometimes, a leak is caused by a bad O-ring at a connection point, not the pump itself.
Choosing a New Aftermarket Power Steering Pump
For a 1977-1981 Impala, finding a New Old Stock (NOS) GM pump is nearly impossible and would be very expensive. The market is dominated by new and remanufactured aftermarket parts, which are a practical and affordable choice for these classic vehicles.
Brand Tiers: BBB Industries vs. Cardone
The most widely available brands for your Impala are BBB Industries and Cardone. Both primarily offer remanufactured pumps, where an original core is rebuilt with new seals, bearings, and other wear components.
- Cardone: Often seen as a budget-friendly option. However, owner reviews and forum discussions suggest that quality can be inconsistent. While some users have no issues, others report premature failures or pumps being noisy out of the box. Cardone often tests critical components and may implement design upgrades over the original.
- BBB Industries: Generally holds a slightly better reputation for quality control in forum discussions, though they also produce remanufactured parts. Like Cardone, they are a major supplier for many auto parts stores.
Pro Tip: When choosing between these brands, opt for the part with the best warranty. Given the hit-or-miss nature of some remanufactured parts, a lifetime or multi-year warranty provides peace of mind. Also, consider purchasing a 'new' aftermarket pump over a 'remanufactured' one if available, as they often have a better warranty and no used internal components.
Cost of Replacing Your Power Steering Pump
The cost to get your Impala's steering back in shape depends on whether you do the work yourself or hire a professional mechanic.
| Part / Service | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| New Aftermarket Pump | $84 - $242 |
| Remanufactured Aftermarket Pump | $59 - $170 |
| Shop Labor | $193 - $284 |
| Total Professional Replacement | $277 - $526 (plus tax & fees) |
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need any special tools for the replacement?
Yes, you will likely need a power steering pump pulley remover/installer tool. Most of these pumps have a press-fit pulley that must be transferred from the old pump to the new one. Many auto parts stores offer this tool as a free rental.
What kind of power steering fluid should I use?
For this generation of GM vehicle, standard power steering fluid or an Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) like DEXRON/MERCON is often acceptable. However, it is always best to use a high-quality fluid specifically labeled for power steering systems to ensure the longevity of the seals. Do not mix different types of fluid.
Why is my new pump whining?
The most common reason for a new pump to whine is air trapped in the system. After installation, you must bleed the system properly. This involves raising the front wheels off the ground and turning the steering wheel from lock to lock multiple times with the engine off, then repeating with the engine on, while keeping the reservoir topped off.
Should I replace anything else at the same time?
Absolutely. It is highly recommended to replace the power steering hoses (both the high-pressure and return lines) when you replace the pump, especially on a vehicle of this age. Old hoses can be brittle and may fail under the pressure of a new pump, or they can shed small particles internally that will contaminate your new pump and fluid. Also, replace the drive belt if it shows any signs of cracking or wear.
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: 19433014 86564081
The power steering system on the 1977-1981 Impala uses a Saginaw-style hydraulic pump, typically with a cast iron housing and a press-on pulley. The system is belt-driven off the engine.
We Have This Part in Stock
The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.