Ford Explorer Power Steering Pump Replacement Guide (1996-2001)
Everything you need to know before replacing the power steering pump on your 1996-2001 Ford Explorer.
- A special pulley puller/installer tool is required for this job; the pulley is press-fit and must be swapped to the new pump.
- Completely flushing the old power steering fluid from the system is mandatory to prevent damage to the new pump.
- After installation, you must bleed the system by turning the wheels lock-to-lock with the engine off to remove trapped air.
- These Ford pumps are known to have a characteristic whine; however, a very loud groan combined with hard steering indicates failure.
Symptoms of a Failing 1996-2001 Ford Explorer Power Steering Pump
A failing power steering pump gives you clear warning signs. It's important to know that many Ford pumps from this era have a slight whine even when working correctly, but a failing pump's noises will be much louder and come with performance problems.
- Whining or Groaning Noises: This is the most common symptom. You'll hear a whining or groaning sound that gets louder when you turn the steering wheel. This happens because the pump is struggling to build pressure.
- Stiff or Slow Steering: If turning the steering wheel suddenly feels like a workout, the pump is likely failing. This indicates a loss of hydraulic assistance, making steering very difficult, especially at low speeds.
- Fluid Leaks: You might see reddish or brownish fluid puddles under the front of your Explorer. The pump itself may look wet. Leaks mean the seals inside the pump have failed.
- Squealing on Startup: A loud squeal when you first start the engine can be caused by a contaminated or seized pump putting a heavy load on the serpentine belt.
Choosing a New Aftermarket Power Steering Pump
When buying a new aftermarket pump for your Explorer, you'll find different quality levels. Not all aftermarket parts are created equal.
| Brand Tier | Our Take |
|---|---|
| OEM (Motorcraft) | Motorcraft is Ford's official parts brand. Choosing a new or remanufactured Motorcraft pump is the safest bet for fit and performance that matches the original factory part. It's the highest quality option but also the most expensive. |
| Premium Aftermarket (e.g., BBB Industries) | Brands like BBB Industries offer remanufactured pumps that are a good balance of quality and price. They often re-engineer parts to fix original design flaws and are a reliable choice for most owners. |
| Standard Aftermarket (e.g., Cardone) | Cardone is a very common brand for remanufactured parts. However, quality can be inconsistent. Some pumps work flawlessly for years, while others may fail prematurely or be noisy out of the box. They are an affordable option, but there is a higher risk of getting a defective part. |
A Special Tool is Required
The power steering pump pulley on this Explorer is press-fit. New pumps almost never come with a new pulley. You MUST use a specific 'Power Steering Pulley Puller/Installer' tool to remove the old pulley and press it onto the new pump. You can rent this tool from most auto parts stores. Do not try to use a standard gear puller, as you will likely damage the pulley or the new pump.
Known Issues, Recalls, and TSBs
Searches of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database show no major recalls or widespread Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) specifically for power steering pump failure on the 1996-2001 Ford Explorer. The most common complaint found on owner forums is that these pumps tend to be noisy, even when functioning properly. Other major steering-related recalls for the Explorer nameplate apply to different model year ranges and different steering systems.
Cost to Replace a 1996-2001 Ford Explorer Power Steering Pump
The total cost depends on who does the work and the parts you choose.
| Item | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| New Aftermarket Pump | $85 - $235 |
| Shop Labor | $174 - $255 |
| Total Estimated Cost | $259 - $490 |
Note: Costs are estimates and will vary by location and the specific parts chosen. This does not include the cost of new power steering fluid.
Flush The System!
When you replace the pump, you must flush the old, contaminated fluid out of the steering system. Use a turkey baster to remove as much old fluid as possible from the reservoir, then refill with fresh fluid. After installing the new pump, disconnect the return line and direct it into a drain pan, then have a helper crank the engine briefly to pump the old fluid out. Skipping this step will cause contaminants to destroy your new pump quickly.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Do I have to bleed the power steering system after replacing the pump?
Yes, this is a critical step. After installing the new pump and filling the reservoir, raise the front wheels off the ground. With the engine OFF, turn the steering wheel from full lock to full lock about 20-25 times. This forces trapped air out of the system. Check the fluid level, top it off, then start the engine and repeat. Air in the system will cause a loud whining noise and damage the pump.
What kind of power steering fluid does a 1996-2001 Explorer use?
These Explorers typically use MERCON or MERCON V automatic transmission fluid (ATF) in the power steering system. Always check your owner's manual or the cap on the reservoir to be sure you are using the correct fluid. Using the wrong fluid can damage the seals in the system.
Why is my new power steering pump still whining?
There are a few reasons. First, ensure all air has been bled from the system. Second, some aftermarket pumps are simply noisier than the original. Finally, if the noise is very loud, you may have received a defective pump, which is a known issue with some remanufactured brands.
Can I reuse my old power steering pump pulley?
Yes, you must reuse your old pulley. New pumps do not include one. You will need the special pulley puller/installer tool to swap it over without damaging it.
Helpful Videos
Technical Specifications
OEM Part Numbers: F67Z3A674AA
This is a belt-driven hydraulic pump. The pulley is press-fit and is not included with new aftermarket pumps. A pulley puller/installer tool is required for replacement.
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The information in this article is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Vehicle specifications, procedures, and part compatibility can vary by production date, trim level, and region. Always consult your vehicle's factory service manual and verify part numbers before purchasing or performing repairs. Safety-critical components such as airbags, seat belts, and braking systems should be installed by a qualified professional.
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- Symptoms of a Failing 1996-2001 Ford Explorer Power Steering Pump
- Choosing a New Aftermarket Power Steering Pump
- A Special Tool is Required
- Known Issues, Recalls, and TSBs
- Cost to Replace a 1996-2001 Ford Explorer Power Steering Pump
- Flush The System!
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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